Volume 4

Number 1

The African Star

An on-line publication for the certificate  and degree  in journalism distance education program

 

Home

 

Mass media in Gambia

 Buya Jammeh

 What is the state of the state of the mass media in Gambia?

The mass media has been instrumental in the development of this country and also played extremely important role in awakening the masses to the achievement of independence and also played a grate role in the democratizations process and is upholding it social responsibility with all the difficulty it face from the government.

The mass media has been the leading instrument of receiving and disseminating information in this country. The state of the mass media is  

 There are18 media institutions in the country. Six privately own newspapers, namely Foroyaa, Daily express Gambia Daily and Independent are bi-weekly.   News and Report is a weekly magazine. The Point is five times   weekly.  Daily Observer is six times weekly.  Gambia Radio and Televisions Services (GRTS), is state own radio and television station, which is mouthpiece of the government of the day. There are five private radio stations, all FM    West Coast radio, City Limits radio Kids With Talent Radio, Sud FM Radio, and Radio 1 FM and Citizen FM Radio. These are not allow to reports on events that happen in this country, therefore these station only entertain and advertise. There are five community Radio stations. Brikama, Farafenni, Basse, Kerewan and Yirriwa community Radio and they are about community awareness programme.  

 The mass media have work very hard to live to standard in this country. In the second Republic the mass media especially the independent press has reports on the government of the day the came to power by coup and have also cover all the activities. The mass media has cover the three presidential and National Assembly election of the second Republic and all local government election.

What are some of the problems Gambian journalist face?

The media Gambia have suffered so many problems, since era of colonialism, when a prominent journalist Finden Dally was drag to court for writing a critical article against the colonial matters, about the treatment anemia patients, being asked to undress naked and make a cure for treatment at the then Royal Victoria Hospital in Banjul. Another such example is the case Ba M. Trawally one of the oldest Gambian journalist was sentence to one year in jail.   He was found guilty of writing false news, about force labour work at the former president Sir Dawda Jawara’s farm in Barajally, but he was later pardon by the then president.

In 1993 the Government of first Republic drafted a draconian law against media, but media practitioners   took up the issue to the parliament for security, unfortunately the Sir Dawada’s government was over thrown a year later

In 1995 the military government of Captain Yaya Jammeh increased the newspaper registration fees from D1000 to D100, 000. In 1998 the government set of media commission and introduced the media commission Act, this required media practitioners to secure license and to pay an annual registration fee of D500, 00 before they practice as journalist, excluding the state media and journalist. Meanwhile the Gambia Press Union with the help of other stakeholders took the matter to the supreme court of the Gambia and fortunately   for the GPU, the act was repeal by the National Assembly.

 

Three years after the repeal of the media commission Act, the same National Assembly enacted the Newspaper amendment act 2002, which required all media houses    sign a bond   of D500, 000 from the initial D1000, 000 for registration of newspaper. The    National Assembly enacted the criminal code against journalist under which two journalists Lamin M Fatty and Fatou Jaw Manneh are standing trial on charges of sedition and false publication under the criminal code.

Laws in the Gambia are very stiff against journalist and the environment is also hostile, because it is very difficult for a journalist to remedy a problem if his or her rights is violated. A typical example is the murder case of Deyda Hydara who was murdered by unknown assailants on December 16, 2004. Since then there has been no case file in the courts against the culprits and instead the out come of the investigation blame him for the cause of his death. It is exactly one year since Chief Ebrima Manneh was detained under police custody without any criminal charges against him. Several other journalists have also fled the country for fear of being jail.

What is the media history in the Gambia?

Media history in the Gambia started in the era British colonial rule, the Bathurst times started in 1871 and closed down in 1874,Bathurst Observer and the West African Gazette started in 1883 and folded in 1888.After the birth of the Gambia intelligencer came into existence 1896.

Edward Francis Small in 1922 established a newspaper called the outlook choosing carefully its issues addressing subjects relevant to National and workers interest and fighting for the struggle for independence.

In the early 50’s the Vanguard stated being edited by the late MB Jones

William Charles Dixon Colley a renown Gambian journalist started a newspaper call the Nation in the early 60’s to fight against corruption in the former regime, the Torch, founded and edited by Sanna Manneh, Echo, The New Gambia founded by Ba M Tarawally and Africa Nyaato come into existence, Sam Sarr, Halifa Sallah and Sedia Jatta came up with the Foroyaa Newspaper around 1979,in 1990 the Daily Observer came into being, established by Kenneth Y. Best, from Liberia followed by The Point Newspaper in 1991 jointly own by Pap Saine, Baboucarr Gaye and the late Deyda Hydara,  News and Report magazine edited by Sweabou Conateh in 1992, Gambia Daily in 1994 state own newspaper, The Inquirer newspaper edited Musa S. Sheriff in 1999  and The Independent newspaper edited by Baba Galleh Jallow   in 1999 .

The Gambia media code of ethics 

The Gambia Press Union has a code of ethics, but it is not binding on all journalists, for the reason that the state media may not fully adhere to the content of the code ethics.

Do advertisers bring undue pressure on the mass media when it comes to covering certain stories?

In the Gambia advertisers do not put pressure on the mass media, when it comes to covering certain stories, it may be happening, but we are yet to come across such cases

What is the relationship between the mass media and the government?

The relationship between the media and government of the Gambia is not cordial, because it is base on misconception; government seen the private media as a mouthpiece for the opposition.

 What is role of the mass media in Gambia?

The role of the Gambian mass media is to create awareness to the general citizenry on the day-to-day affairs of the present day government and social issues affecting the lives people and provide entertainment for the public.

Are the mass media performing its duty well? Why? Or why not?

The media has not been performing its duties well because of the hostile environment in which we operate. Access to information from government officials by the private press is a major problem, secondly there is no motivation for practicing journalists and there is fear among to give divergent views.

How can the media be improved?

The mass media in the Gambia can improved if there is effective and sustainable capacity building programme for journalist, motivation and free access to information and press freedom.

What are the most popular mass media and programs among the student? 

The mass media programs among the students in class that are working for independents media house are to cover criminal case against two journalists that is presently in magistrate court and also update report on the disappearance of our colleague Ebrima Mennah. The arrest USA base journalist Fatou Jaw Manneh and trial of Lamin Fatty journalist of the closed Independent Newspaper is the most popular mass media programs among the students.